'ABCDE' model explain the flower development of most dicotyledons. Genes related to flower development are a series of "homologous genes" because they determine the characteristics of flower organs without changing their origin. According to their roles in floral organogenesis, these genes can be divided into 5 groups: A, B, C, D and E. The typical bisexual flowers of angiosperms are divided into five rounds from outside to inside: the calyx in the first round (sepals), the corolla in the second round (petals), the stamens in the third round, the pistil in the fourth round (carpels), and the ovules in the fifth round. The formation of five-round flower structure is the result of the synergy of five genes, which encode transcription factors that determine flower development rather than proteases. The tetramers of different proteins formed by these five genes bind to DNA and influence the expression of various downstream genes of flower organs, thus determining the formation of each round of flower organs.

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